Introducción
Los masajes post ejercicio es una de las intervenciones más frecuentemente aplicadas para mejorar la recuperación de los atletas . Sin embargo , la evidencia para apoyar la eficacia del masaje para la recuperación del rendimiento posterior es escaso. Por otra parte, aún no se ha llegado a la conclusión clara, respecto a las condiciones de su aplicación y cuales son mas eficaces.
Estudio
El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática y un meta-análisis de la literatura disponible actual (2016) Sports Medicine , Volume 46, Issue 2 sobre el masaje para la recuperación del rendimiento.
Método
Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica estructurada que situó a 22 ensayos controlados aleatorios . Estos fueron analizados con respecto a los efectos en el rendimiento y las diversas características del diseño del estudio ( tipo y duración del masaje, tipo de ejercicio y prueba de rendimiento, a la vez estudiarón la duración del período de recuperación , y el nivel de entrenamiento de los sujetos atletas).
Resultados
De los 22 estudios, se encontró que el masaje más corto ( 5-12 min) parece tener mayores efectos ( + 6,6 % , g = 0,34 ) que el masaje que duró más de 12 min ( + 1,0 % , g = 0,06 ) . Los efectos fueron mayores para la recuperación a corto plazo de hasta 10 minutos ( + 7,9 % , g = 0,45 ) que para los períodos de recuperación de más de 20 min ( + 2,4 % , g = 0,08) . Aunque en el ejercicio mixto, el masaje produjo efectos positivos ( + 14,4 % , g = 0,61 ) , en el ejercicio de fuerza ( + 3,9 % , g = 0,18 ) y el ejercicio de resistencia ( + 1,3 % , g = 0,12 ) fueron menores. Además, se encontró una tendencia bastante curiosa, y era la de que los sujetos no entrenados se beneficiaban ( + 6,5 % , g = 0,23 ) mas que los atletas profesionales ( + 2,3 % , g = 0,17 ).
Conclusión
Los efectos del masaje sobre la recuperación de rendimiento en datos analizados son bastante pequeños y en parte poco claros, pero puede ser relevante en las circunstancias adecuadas (recuperación a corto plazo, como puede ser en mitad de un evento deportivo). Sin embargo, sigue siendo cuestionable si los efectos examinados en los 22 estudios que son bastante limitados justifican el uso generalizado del masaje como una intervención de recuperación para los deportistas de competición, es un fenómeno que requiere de más investigación.
Entrada anterior relacionada [mks_icon icon=»fa-share-square-o» color=»#0ba078″ type=»fa»]
Aquí dejo las tablas según tipo de adaptación:
Endurance performance:
| Study | Subjects (male/ female) | Exercise to provoke exhaustion | Time between exercise and massage | Massage intervention | Time between massage and post-test | Performance measurement | Pre-test score (mean ± standard deviation) | Post-test score (mean ± standard deviation) | Effects |
| Lane and Wenger, 2004 [45] | 10 (10/0),
active |
Endurance:
18 min intermittent cycling sprint |
0 min | 15 min manual massage (legs), registered massage therapist | 24 h | Endurance:
Work during 18 min intermittent cycling sprint |
Baseline:
MAS: 105.8 ± 16.8 kJ CON: 108.1 ± 17.1 kJ |
Post 24 h:
MAS: 104.8 ± 16.1 kJ CON: 106.0 ± 15.8 kJ |
Post 24 h:
+1.0% (g=0.06) |
| Monedero and Donne, 2000 [41] | 18 (18/0),
competitive cyclists |
Endurance:
5 km cycling TT |
0 min | 15 min manual massage (legs), certified masseur | 5 min | Endurance:
5 km cycling TT |
Baseline:
MAS: 379.0 ± 17.8 s CON: 379.0 ± 19.1 s |
Post 20 min:
MAS: 386.7 sc CON: 388.9 sc |
Post 20 min:
+0.6% (g=0.11) |
| Rinder and Sutherland, 1995 [56] | 20 (13/7),
untrained |
Mixed:
Leg extensions, cycling and ski squats until exhaustion |
0 min | 6 min manual massage (legs), no information provided on therapist experience | 0 min | Endurance:
Maximum number of leg extensions at 50% 1RM |
Baseline:
MAS: 30.8 ± 7.1 CON: 28.3 ± 6.5 |
Post 6 min:
MAS: 31.9 ± 8.0 CON: 25.0 ± 7.7 |
Post 6 min:
+15.2% (g=0.62) |
Jump performance:
| Study | Subjects (male/ female) | Exercise to provoke exhaustion | Time between exercise and massage | Massage intervention | Time between exercise and massage | Performance measurement | Pre-test score (mean ± standard deviation) | Post-test score (mean ± standard deviation) | Effects |
| Delextrat et al., 2012 [37] | 16 (8/8),
competitive basketball players |
Endurance:
25 min basketball match |
0 min | 30 min manual massage (legs), qualified massage therapist with five years experience as a sports massage practitioner | 24 h | Jump:
CMJ height |
Baseline men:
MAS: 49.6 ± 5.4 cm CON: 49.6 ± 5.4 cm Baseline women: MAS: 34.5 ± 2.5 cm CON: 34.5 ± 2.5 cm
|
Post 24 h men:
MAS: 48.6 ± 7.5 cm CON: 46.3 ± 4.8 cm Post 24 h women: MAS: 32.2 ± 2.5 cm CON: 31.5 ± 2.7 cm
|
Post 24 h:
+3.3% (g=0.31) |
| Farr et al., 2002 [39] | 8 (8/0),
active |
Endurance:
40 min downhill walk |
2 h | 30 min manual massage (one leg, other leg as control), trained masseur | 22 h
70 h
118 h
|
Jump:
Vertical jump height (% of baseline) |
Baseline:
MAS: 100% CON: 100%
|
Post 24 h:
MAS: 84.5 ± 10.3% CON: 88.5 ± 10.7% Post 72 h: MAS: 91.7 ± 13.2% CON: 90.0 ± 12.4% Post 120 h: MAS: 95.3 ± 12.4% CON: 95.0 ± 9.9% |
Post 24 h:
–4.0% (g=–0.33)
Post 72 h: +1.6% (g=0.11)
Post 120 h: +0.3% (g=0.02) |
| Jönhagen et al., 2004 [38] | 16 (8/8),
active |
Strength:
300 eccentric quadriceps contractions |
10 min | 3×12 min manual massage (one leg, other leg a control), repeated daily, experienced sport physical therapist | 0 min | Jump:
1-leg long jump |
Baseline:
MAS: 160.2 ± 24.2 cm CON: 158.2 ± 24.1 cm |
Post 48 h:
MAS: 156.6 ± 26.5 cm CON: 154.4 ± 23.7 cm |
Post 48 h:
+0.2% (g=0.01) |
| Mancinelli et al., 2006 [36] | 11+11 a (0/22),
competitive basketball/ volleyball players |
Mixed:
3 days intense strength training and drills |
0 min | 17 min manual massage (legs), licensed massage therapist with 3 years of experience as general massage practitioner | 3 min | Jump:
Vertical jump height |
Baseline:
MAS: 45.8 ± 4.7 cm CON: 49.9 ± 5.7 cm |
Post 20 min:
MAS: 46.2 ± 3.1 cm CON: 48.1 ± 5.1 cm |
Post 20 min:
+4.5% (g=0.41) |
Sprint performance:
| Study | Subjects (male/ female) | Exercise to provoke exhaustion | Time between exercise and massage | Massage intervention | Time between exercise and massage | Performance measurement | Pre-test score (mean ± standard deviation) | Post-test score (mean ± standard deviation) | Effects |
| Ali Rasooli et al., 2012 [44] | 17 (17/0),
competitive swimmers |
Endurance:
200 m swimming |
0 min | 10 min manual massage (whole body), masseur | 0 min | Sprint:
200 m swimming |
Baseline:
MAS: 146 ± 14 s CON: 147 ± 14 s |
Post 10 min:
MAS: 149 ± 12 s CON: 156 ± 14 s |
Post 10 min:
+4.3% (g=0.44) |
| Delextrat et al., 2012 [37] | 16 (8/8),
competitive basketball players |
Endurance:
25 min basketball match |
0 min | 30 min manual massage (legs), qualified massage therapist with five years experience as a sports massage practitioner | 24 h | Sprint:
10×30 m time |
Baseline men:
MAS: 58.5 ± 2.9 s CON: 58.5 ± 2.9 s Baseline women: MAS: 63.5 ± 2.4 s CON: 63.5 ± 2.4 s |
Post 24 h men:
MAS: 58.5 ± 2.3 s CON: 57.8 ± 1.8 s Baseline women: MAS: 64.1 ± 2.3 s CON: 64.5 ± 3.0 s |
Post 24 h:
–0.3% (g=–0.03) |
| Mancinelli et al., 2006 [36] | 11+11 a (0/22),
competitive basketball/ volleyball players |
Mixed:
3 days intense strength training and drills |
0 min | 17 min manual massage (legs), licensed massage therapist with 3 years of experience as general massage practitioner | 3 min | Sprint:
Shuttle run (30 m) |
Baseline:
MAS: 8.03 ± 0.59 s CON: 7.92 ± 0.56 s |
Post 20 min:
MAS: 7.97 ± 0.39 s CON: 8.22 ± 0.71 s |
Post 20 min:
+4.5% (g=0.60) |
| Ogai et al., 2008 [46] | 11 (0/11),
active |
Sprint:
3 min intermittent cycling sprint |
5 min | 10 min manual massage (legs), skilled and experienced therapist | 20 min | Sprint:
3 min intermittent cycling sprint |
Baseline:
MAS: 15.72 ± 1.96 kJ CON: 15.85 ± 2.45 kJ |
Post 35 min:
MAS: 16.23 ± 2.18 kJ CON: 15.70 ± 2.25 kJ |
Post 35 min:
+4.2% (g=0.28) |
Strength performance:
| Study | Subjects (male/ female) | Exercise to provoke exhaustion | Time between exercise and massage | Massage intervention | Time between exercise and massage | Performance measurement | Pre-test score (mean ± standard deviation) | Post-test score (mean ± standard deviation) | Effects |
| Dawson et al., 2004 [53] | 12 (8/4),
competitive runners |
Endurance:
Half-marathon race |
0 min | 4×30 min manual massage (one leg, other leg as control), repeated after each post-test, registered massage therapist trained in sports massage | 24 h
72 h
96 h
72 h |
Strength:
Quadriceps/ hamstrings peak torque |
Baseline quadriceps:
MAS: 2.2 ± 0.5 Nm/kg CON: 2.2 ± 0.5 Nm/kg Baseline hamstrings: MAS: 1.4 ± 0.2 Nm/kg CON: 1.3 ± 0.1 Nm/kg
|
Post 24 h quadriceps:
MAS: 2.1 ± 0.5 Nm/kg CON: 2.1 ± 0.5 Nm/kg Post 24 h hamstrings: MAS: 1.5 ± 0.2 Nm/kg CON: 1.4 ± 0.1 Nm/kg Post 96 h quadriceps: MAS: 2.2 ± 0.5 Nm/kg CON: 2.1 ± 0.5 Nm/kg Post 96 h hamstrings: MAS: 1.4 ± 0.2 Nm/kg CON: 1.4 ± 0.1 Nm/kg Post 192 h quadriceps: MAS: 2.2 ± 0.4 Nm/kg CON: 2.2 ± 0.4 Nm/kg Post 192 h hamstrings: MAS: 1.4 ± 0.1 Nm/kg CON: 1.4 ± 0.2 Nm/kg Post 264 h quadriceps: MAS: 2.2 ± 0.4 Nm/kg CON: 2.2 ± 0.5 Nm/kg Post 264 h hamstrings: MAS: 1.4 ± 0.2 Nm/kg CON: 1.4 ± 0.2 Nm/kg |
Post 24 h:
–0.3% (g=0.00)
Post 96 h: –1.6% (g=–0.18)
Post 192 h: –3.8% (g=–0.28)
Post 264 h: –3.8% (g=–0.28) |
| Farr et al., 2002 [39] | 8 (8/0),
active |
Endurance:
40 min downhill walk |
2 h | 30 min manual massage (one leg, other leg as control), trained masseur | 22 h
70 h
118 h |
Strength:
Knee extensor isometric and isokinetic (60°/s) strength (% of baseline) |
Baseline isometric:
MAS: 100% CON: 100% Baseline isokinetic: MAS: 100% CON: 100% |
Post 24 h isometric:
MAS: 99.2 ± 10.0% CON: 92.4 ± 8.0% Post 24 h isokinetic: MAS: 95.8 ± 9.8% CON: 92.7 ± 12.5% Post 72 h isometric: MAS: 103.1 ± 9.0% CON: 100.8 ± 10.5% Post 72 h isokinetic: MAS: 99.4 ± 9.3% CON: 101.2 ± 12.0% Post 120 h isometric: MAS: 104.1 ± 3.0% CON: 103.5 ± 11.6% Post 120 h isokinetic: MAS: 102.5 ± 9.8% CON:100.6 ± 11.4% |
Post 24 h:
+5.0% (g=0.46)
Post 72 h: +0.3% (g=0.03)
Post 120 h: +2.3% (g=0.23) |
| Hemmings et al., 2000 [34] | 8 (8/0),
competitive boxers |
Endurance:
5×2 min boxing (400 punches total) |
0 min | 20 min manual massage (whole body), qualified sports massage therapist | 40 min | Strength:
Punching force |
Baseline:
MAS: 1265 ± 200 N CON: 1236 ± 240 N |
Post 1 h:
MAS: 1241 ± 189 N CON: 1214 ± 242 N |
Post 1 h:
–0.1% (g=–0.01) |
| Hilbert et al., 2003 [40] | 9+9a (?/?b),
untrained |
Strength:
6×10 eccentric hamstring contractions |
2 h | 20 min manual massage (leg), senior physical therapy student | 4 h
22 h
46 h |
Strength:
Hamstrings peak torque |
Baseline:
MAS: 144.7 ± 49.2 Nm CON: 154.4 ± 42.1 Nm |
Post 6 h:
MAS: 115.5 ± 36.7 Nm CON: 128.7 ± 44.8 Nm Post 24 h: MAS: 110.2 ± 36.7 Nm CON: 119.2 ± 46.3 Nm Post 48 h: MAS: 115.8 ± 38.2 Nm CON: 120.9 ± 44.8 Nm |
Post 6 h:
–3.5% (g=–0.07)
Post 24 h: –1.0% (g=0.01)
Post 48 h: +1.7% (g=0.10) |
| Jönhagen et al., 2004 [38] | 16 (8/8),
active |
Strength:
300 eccentric quadriceps contractions |
10 min | 3×12 min manual massage (one leg, other leg a control), repeated daily, experienced sport physical therapist | 0 min | Strength:
Quadriceps isokinetic strength |
Baseline:
MAS: 100.7 ± 21.9 Nm CON: 101.3 ± 22.6 Nm |
Post 48 h:
MAS: 88.8 ± 25.5 Nm CON: 86.0 ± 26.9 Nm |
Post 48 h:
+3.3% (g=0.15) |
| Sykaras et al., 2003 [42] | 12 (0/12),
competitive Tae Kwon Do athletes |
Strength:
6×10 concentric/ eccentric quadriceps contractions |
0 min | 6×2 min manual massage (legs), performed after each exercise set, experienced therapist | 3 min | Strength:
Quadriceps concentric and eccentric peak torque |
Baseline concentric:
MAS: 128.66 ± 20.80 Nm CON: 128.08 ± 21.39 Nm Baseline eccentric: MAS: 197.66 ± 29.80 Nm CON: 198.83 ± 28.57 Nm |
Post 5 min concentric:
MAS: 105.41 ± 21.60 Nm CON: 93.16 ± 25.12 Nm Post 5 min eccentric: MAS: 172.25 ± 32.17 Nm CON: 135.58 ± 29.5 Nm |
Post 5 min:
+14.1% (g=0.86) |
| Tiidus and Shoemaker, 1995 [43] | 9 (4/5),
untrained |
Strength:
7×20 eccentric quadriceps contractions |
1 h | 4×10 min manual massage (one leg, other leg as control), repeated daily, registered massage therapist | 23 h
23 h
23 h
23 h |
Strength:
Quadriceps peak torque at 0°/s, 60°/s and 180°/s (% of baseline) |
Baseline 0°/s:
MAS: 100% CON: 100% Baseline 60°/s: MAS: 100% CON: 100% Baseline 180°/s: MAS: 100% CON: 100% |
Post 24 h 0°/s:
MAS: 70.7 ± 18.0% CON: 73.1 ± 14.5% Post 24 h 60°/s: MAS: 68.6 ± 17.3% CON: 65.1 ± 23.5% Post 24 h 180°/s: MAS: 69.8 ± 15.1% CON: 62.2 ± 32.3% Post 48 h 0°/s: MAS: 75.4 ± 24.2% CON: 75.4 ± 30.4% Post 48 h 60°/s: MAS: 69.2 ± 24.2% CON: 65.7 ± 29.0% Post 48 h 180°/s: MAS: 63.9 ± 23.3% CON: 62.2 ± 31.6% Post 72 h 0°/s: MAS: 80.5 ± 23.5% CON: 79.6 ± 36.6% Post 72 h 60°/s: MAS: 75.6 ± 16.6% CON: 70.0 ± 24.9% Post 72 h 180°/s: MAS: 70.6 ± 13.7% CON: 68.3 ± 39.8% Post 96 h 0°/s: MAS: 80.5 ± 19.3% CON: 80.5 ± 32.5% Post 96 h 60°/s: MAS: 77.0 ± 16.6% CON: 70.3 ± 25.6% Post 96 h 180°/s: MAS: 68.9 ± 13.7% CON: 59.0 ± 20.6% |
Post 24 h:
+2.9% (g=0.10)
Post 48 h: +1.7% (g=0.06)
Post 72 h: +2.9% (g=0.11)
Post 96 h: +5.5% (g=0.26) |
| Weber et al., 1994 [47] | 10+10 a (0/20),
untrained |
Strength:
Eccentric elbow contraction until exhaustion |
0 min | 8 min manual massage (arm), no information provided on therapist experience | 24 h
48 h |
Strength:
Elbow flexor MVIC and peak torque at 60°/s |
Baseline MVIC:
MAS: 41.0 ± 5.9 Nm CON: 41.0 ± 6.1 Nm Baseline peak torque: MAS: 25.5 ± 3.7 Nm CON: 26.3 ± 4.3 Nm |
Post 24 h MVIC:
MAS: 29.6 ± 7.6 Nm CON: 27.7 ± 4.4 Nm Post 24 h peak torque: MAS: 19.1 ± 4.7 Nm CON: 17.4 ± 2.3 Nm Post 48 h MVIC: MAS: 30.2 ± 7.3 Nm CON: 28.2 ± 6.3 Nm Post 48 peak torque: MAS: 19.7 ± 5.3 Nm CON: 16.1 ± 3.9 Nm |
Post 24 h:
+6.7% (g=0.45)
Post 48 h: +10.5% (g=0.68) |
| Young et al., 2005 [55] | 12 (12/0),
untrained |
Strength:
1 min MVIC of thumb adductors |
0 min | 5 min manual massage (hand), experienced osteopath | 0 min | Strength:
Thumb adductor isometric strength |
Baseline:
MAS: 58.53 ± 16.04 N CON: 56.77 ± 13.95 N |
Post 5 min:
MAS: 55.34 ± 16.01 N CON: 54.71 ± 15.01 N |
Post 5 min:
–1.8% (g=–0.07) |
| Zainuddin et al., 2005 [25] | 10 (5/5),
untrained |
Strength:
10×6 eccentric elbow flexor contractions |
3 h | 10 min manual massage (one arm, other arm as control), professional masseuse who had been working for an Australian football club for several years | 21 h
45 h
69 h
93 h
165 h
237 h
333 h |
Strength:
Elbow peak torque at 0°/s (% of baseline), 30°/s and 300°/s |
Baseline 0°/s:
MAS: 100% CON: 100% Baseline 30°/s: MAS: 25.6 ± 13.9 Nm CON: 25.8 ± 15.2 Nm Baseline 300°/s: MAS: 19.3 ± 13.3 Nm CON: 19.8 ± 13.3 Nm |
Post 24 h 0°/s:
MAS: 63.1 ± 19.0% CON: 64.1 ± 21.5% Post 24 h 30°/s: MAS: 18.9 ± 13.9 Nm CON: 14.8 ± 8.9 Nm Post 24 h 300°/s: MAS: 13.9 ± 12.3 Nm CON: 14.5 ± 9.2 Nm Post 48 h 0°/s: MAS: 63.8 ± 21.5% CON: 65.2 ± 19.9% Post 48 h 30°/s: MAS: 19.5 ± 12.3 Nm CON: 16.0 ± 7.9 Nm Post 48 h 300°/s: MAS: 15.2 ± 11.7 Nm CON: 15.0 ± 10.8 Nm Post 72 h 0°/s: MAS: 71.1 ± 19.0% CON: 73.5 ± 21.5% Post 72 h 30°/s: MAS: 21.0 ± 14.2 Nm CON: 19.0 ± 12.3 Nm Post 72 h 300°/s: MAS: 17.2 ± 11.7 Nm CON: 14.2 ± 10.1 Nm Post 96 h 0°/s: MAS: 78.0 ± 25.6% CON: 69.9 ± 25.0% Post 96 h 30°/s: MAS: 23.0 ± 13.6 Nm CON: 20.2 ± 13.3 Nm Post 96 h 300°/s: MAS: 16.7 ± 12.3 Nm CON: 14.8 ± 10.4 Nm Post 168 h 0°/s: MAS: 82.7 ± 29.1% CON: 79.8 ± 30.7% Post 168 h 30°/s: MAS: 23.1 ± 12.3 Nm CON: 21.6 ± 13.0 Nm Post 168 h 300°/s: MAS: 17.0 ± 13.0 Nm CON: 16.2 ± 11.4 Nm Post 240 h 0°/s: MAS: 95.0 ± 25.6% CON: 90.8 ± 19.9% Post 240 h 30°/s: MAS: 25.7 ± 13.3 Nm CON: 22.2 ± 13.0 Nm Post 240 h 300°/s: MAS: 19.4 ± 13.0 Nm CON: 19.2 ± 11.1 Nm Post 336 h 0°/s: MAS: 97.9 ± 30.7% CON: 94.8 ± 19.0% Post 336 h 30°/s: MAS: 25.4 ± 14.9 Nm CON: 23.3 ± 14.2 Nm Post 336 h 300°/s: MAS: 18.3 ± 11.4 Nm CON: 18.1 ± 11.7 Nm |
Post 24 h:
+4.8% (g=0.07)
Post 48 h: +5.3% (g=0.07)
Post 72 h: +7.8% (g=0.09)
Post 96 h: +10.5% (g=0.22)
Post 168 h: +5.2% (g=0.09)
Post 240 h: +7.4% (g=0.15)
Post 336 h: +5.1% (g=0.10) |
Automated massage:
| Study | Subjects (male/ female) | Exercise to provoke exhaustion | Time between exercise and massage | Massage intervention | Time between exercise and massage | Performance measurement | Pre-test score (mean ± standard deviation) | Post-test score (mean ± standard deviation) | Effects |
| Cafarelli et al., 1990 [23] | 12 (12/0),
active |
Strength:
Quadriceps MVC until exhaustion |
0 min | 2×4 min vibration massage (legs), separated by performance test | 1 min
1 min |
Strength:
Quadriceps MVC during exercise (% of MVC superimposed by electrical stimulation) |
Baseline:
MAS: 96 ± 21% CON: 96 ± 21% |
Post 5 min:
MAS: 89 ± 24% CON: 86 ± 21% Post 10 min: MAS: 87 ± 24% CON: 83 ± 21% |
Post 5 min:
±0.0% (g=–0.01)
Post 10 min: +1.2% (g=0.01) |
| Edge et al., 2009 [9] | 9 (9/0),
competitive runners |
Endurance:
3 km TT, 8×400 m (running) |
0 min | 30 min vibration massage (whole body) | 24 h | Endurance:
3 km running TT |
Baseline:
MAS: 683 ± 43 s CON: 684 ± 33 s |
Post 24 h:
MAS: 695 ± 45 s CON: 695 ± 41 s |
Post 24 h:
–0.2% (g=–0.03) |
| Lau and Nosaka, 2011 [24] | 15 (15/0),
untrained |
Strength:
10×6 eccentric elbow contractions |
30 min | 5×30 min vibration massage (upper body), repeated daily for a total of 5 days | 30 min
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
120 h
168 h |
Strength:
Elbow isometric strength (% of baseline) |
Baseline:
MAS: 100% CON: 100% |
Post 1 h:
MAS: 59.2 ± 14.0% CON: 54.3 ± 14.0% Post 24 h: MAS: 75.1 ± 18.9% CON: 66.4 ± 14.7% Post 48 h: MAS: 79.6 ±13.6% CON: 73.2 ± 13.6% Post 72 h: MAS: 84.9 ± 8.7% CON: 80.4 ± 13.6% Post 96 h: MAS: 90.9 ± 12.5% CON: 84.2 ± 13.6% Post 120 h: MAS: 88.7 ± 12.1% CON: 92.1 ± 14.3% Post 168 h: MAS: 99.2 ± 13.2% CON: 97.7 ± 14.3% |
Post 1 h:
+4.9% (g=0.33)
Post 24 h: +8.7% (g=0.49)
Post 48 h: +6.4% (g=0.44)
Post 72 h: +4.5% (g=0.37)
Post 96 h: +6.7% (g=0.48)
Post 120 h: –3.4% (g=–0.24)
Post 168 h: +1.5% (g=0.10) |
| Viitasalo et al., 1995 [10] | 14 (8/6),
competitive track and field athletes |
Mixed:
5 intensive training sessions in 3 days (strength, technique, jump, strength, speed) |
30 min | 3×20 min warm underwater water-jet massage (whole body), repeated daily | 12 h
20 h
36 h
12 h
20 h
36 h |
Jump:
Drop and rebound jump height
Strength: Leg extensor isometric strength |
Baseline drop jump:
MAS: 36 ± 7 cm CON: 36 ± 6 cm Baseline rebound jump: MAS: 44 ± 7 cm CON: 45 ± 6 cm
Baseline: MAS: 3555 ± 907 N CON: 3463 ± 940 N |
Post 12 h drop jump:
MAS: 34 ± 5 cm CON: 32 ± 6 cm Post 12 h rebound jump: MAS: 45 ± 7 cm CON: 43 ± 7 cm Post 20 h drop jump: MAS: 35 ± 6 cm CON: 34 ± 6 cm Post 20 h rebound jump: MAS: 43 ± 7 cm CON: 50 ± 7 cm Post 36 h drop jump: MAS: 33 ± 5 cm CON: 32 ± 7 cm Post 36 h rebound jump: MAS: 44 ± 6 cm CON: 43 ± 7 cm
Post 12 h: MAS: 3991 ± 909 N CON: 3293 ± 839 N Post 20 h: MAS: 3345 ± 979 N CON: 3362 ± 837 N Post 36 h: MAS: 3406 ± 929 N CON: 3391 ± 892 N |
Post 12 h:
+6.1% (g=0.36)
Post 20 h: –5.3% (g=–0.36)
Post 36 h: +3.6% (g=0.22)
Post 12 h: +17.2% (g=0.62)
Post 20 h: –3.0% (g=–0.11)
Post 36 h: –2.1% (g=–0.08) |
| Zelikovski et al, 1993 [35] | 11 (11/0),
active |
Endurance:
Cycling at 80% VO2peak until exhaustion |
0 min | 20 min pneumatic massage (legs) | 0 min | Endurance:
Time to exhaustion during cycling exercise protocol |
Baseline:
MAS: 10.9 ± 0.8 min CON: 11.6 ± 1.0 min |
Post 20 min:
MAS: 8.7 ± 0.8 min CON: 6.4 ± 0.7 min |
Post 20 min:
+24.6% (g=3.06) |
Referencias:
-
Poppendieck W, Faude O, Wegmann M, et al. Cooling and performance recovery of trained athletes: a meta-analytical review. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2013;8(3):227–42.PubMed
-
2.Scoona GS, Hopkins WG, Mayhew S, et al. Effect of post-exercise sauna bathing on the endurance performance of competitive male runners. J Sci Med Sport. 2007;10(4):259–62.CrossRef
-
3.
-
4.
-
5.
-
6.Moraska A. Sports massage. A comprehensive review. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2005;45(3):370–80.PubMed
-
7.
-
8.
-
9.
-
10.
-
11.Hsieh LL, Kuo CH, Lee LH, et al. Treatment of low back pain by acupressure and physical therapy: randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2006;332(7543):696–700.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
-
12.Goats GC, Keir KA. Connective tissue massage. Br J Sports Med. 1991;25(3):131–3.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
-
13.
-
14.
-
15.
-
16.Ernst E. Does post-exercise massage treatment reduce delayed onset muscle soreness? A systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 1998;32(3):212–4.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
-
17.Hemmings B. Physiological, psychological and performance effects of massage therapy in sport: a review of the literature. Phys Ther Sport. 2001;2(4):165–70.CrossRef
-
18.
-
19.Higgins JP, Altman DG, Gøtzsche PC, et al. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials. BMJ. 2011;343:d5928.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
-
20.
-
21.Morris S. Estimating effect sizes from pretest-posttest-control group designs. Organ Res Methods. 2008;11(2):364–86.CrossRef
-
22.Borenstein M, Hedges LV, Higgins JPT, et al. Introduction to meta-analysis. Chichester: Wiley; 2009.CrossRef
-
23.
-
24.
-
25.Zainuddin Z, Newton M, Sacco P, et al. Effects of massage on delayed-onset muscle soreness, swelling, and recovery of muscle function. J Athl Train. 2005;40(3):174–80.PubMedCentralPubMed
-
26.
-
27.Nuzzo JL, McBride JM, Cormie P, et al. Relationship between countermovement jump performance and multijoint isometric and dynamic tests of strength. J Strength Cond Res. 2015;29(8):2176–85.CrossRef
-
28.Alemdaroglu U. The relationship between muscle strength, anaerobic performance, agility, sprint ability and vertical jump performance in professional basketball players. J Hum Kinet. 2012;31:149–58.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
-
29.
-
30.
-
31.
-
32.Wisløff U, Castagna C, Helgerud J, et al. Strong correlation of maximal squat strength with sprint performance and vertical jump height in elite soccer players. Br J Sports Med. 2004;38(3):285–8.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
-
33.
-
34.Hemmings B, Smith M, Graydon J, et al. Effects of massage on physiological restoration, perceived recovery, and repeated sports performance. Br J Sports Med. 2000;34(2):109–14.
-
35.Zelikovski A, Kaye CL, Fink G, et al. The effects of the modified intermittent sequential pneumatic device (MISPD) on exercise performance following an exhaustive exercise bout. Br J Sports Med. 1993;27(4):255–9.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
-
36.Mancinelli CA, Davis S, Aboulhosn L, et al. The effects of massage on delayed onset muscle soreness and physical performance in female collegiate athletes. Phys Ther Sport. 2006;7(1):5–13.CrossRef
-
37.
-
38.
-
39.
-
40.Hilbert JE, Sforzo GA, Swensen T. The effects of massage on delayed onset muscle soreness. Br J Sports Med. 2003;37(1):72–5.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
-
41.
-
42.Sykaras E, Mylonas A, Malliaropoulos N, et al. Manual massage effect in knee extensors peak torque during short-term intense continuous concentric-eccentric isokinetic exercise in female elite athletes. Isokinet Exerc Sci. 2003;11(3):153–7.
-
43.
-
44.Ali Rasooli S, Koushkie Jahromi M, Asadmanesh A, et al. Influence of massage, active and passive recovery on swimming performance and blood lactate. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2012;52(2):122–127.
-
45.Lane KN, Wenger HA. Effect of selected recovery conditions on performance of repeated bouts of intermittent cycling separated by 24 hours. J Strength Cond Res. 2004;18(4):855–60.PubMed
-
46.
-
47.
-
48.
-
49.
-
50.Hunter AM, Watt JM, Watt V, et al. Effect of lower limb massage on electromyography and force production of the knee extensors. Br J Sports Med. 2006;40(2):114–8.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
-
51.Arabaci R. Acute effects of pre-event lower limb massage on explosive and high speed motor capacities and flexibility. J Sports Sci Med. 2008;7(4):549–55.PubMedCentralPubMed
-
52.Callaghan MJ. The role of massage in the management of the athlete: a review. Br J Sports Med. 1993;27(1):28–33.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
-
53.Dawson LG, Dawson KA, Tiidus PM. Evaluating the influence of massage on leg strength, swelling, and pain following a half-marathon. J Sports Sci Med. 2004;3(YISI 1):37–43.
-
54.
-
55.
-
56.
-
57.
-
58.
-
59.Evans WJ, Meredith CN, Cannon JG, et al. Metabolic changes following eccentric exercise in trained and untrained men. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1986;61(5):1864–8.
-
60.
-
61.
-
62.Halson SL. Does the time frame between exercise influence the effectiveness of hydrotherapy for recovery. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2011;6(2):147–59.PubMed
-
63.Wiener A, Mizrahi J, Verbitsky O. Enhancement of tibialis anterior recovery by intermittent sequential pneumatic compression of the legs. Basic Appl Myol. 2001;11(2):87–90.
-
64.
-
65.
-
66.
-
67.
