La demanda de energía durante el ejercicio de alta intensidad (HIE) que parte de los procesos anaeróbicos, requieren una alta y extensa demanda de energía, la cual parte del trifosfato de adenosina (ATP). Como resultados, en una contracción explosiva repetitiva, tenemos una liberación de energía con el consecuente agotamiento de la fosfocreatina (PCr) y la acumulación de ácido láctico, lo que establece un límite minante en la producción de ATP y por lo tanto el rendimiento anaeróbico (HIE). Este estudio Sports Med. 2014 Nov;44 se centra en los efectos del entrenamiento y suplementos ergogénicos de la energética muscular y el rendimiento de HIE. La capacidad anaeróbica (es decir, la cantidad de ATP que se puede producir) se determina por el contenido muscular de PCr, (depósitos de fosfocreatina) como la capacidad de regulación y el volumen de la masa muscular a contraer. Entrenamientos HIE pueden aumentar la capacidad reguladora y la masa muscular de contratación pero no tiene ningún efecto sobre la concentración de PCr. La suplementación dietética con creatina (Cr), bicarbonato, o beta-alanina ha documentado un efecto ergogénico. La suplementación dietética con Cr aumenta el contenido de PCr en el músculo con la mejora el rendimiento, especialmente durante períodos cortos repetidos de HIE. El efecto ergogénico de Cr está relacionado con un aumento en el almacenamiento en la regulación temporal y espacial de ATP y aumento de la capacidad reguladora del músculo. El Bicarbonato de carga aumenta el almacenamiento extracelular y podría mejorar el rendimiento durante el HIE,(este ultimo dato no es seguro) facilitando la eliminación de ácido láctico de los músculos contraídos. La suplementación con beta-alanina aumenta el contenido de carnosina muscular, lo que es un tampón intracelular endógeno. Está claro que el rendimiento durante HIE se puede mejorar mediante intervenciones que aumentan la capacidad de la producción anaeróbica de ATP, lo que sugiere que las restricciones energéticas (dietas en déficit calórico) establecen un límite para el rendimiento durante el HIE.

PDF original de la investigación

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